Particulate Matter (PM) or airborne particles are a mixture of solid particles and droplets found in the air. They can consist of hundreds of different chemicals and are most formed in the atmosphere as a result of complex reactions from pollutants emitted by power plants, industries, and vehicles. 

Some particles like dust, ash, pollen, and smoke are visible to the naked eye, but others are so small they can only be seen under a microscope. They are categorized as: 

• PM10: particles with a diameter of up to 10 microns 

• PM2.5: particles with a diameter of up to 2.5 microns 

• PM1: particles with a diameter of up to 1 micron 

Particulate matter (PM) poses health risks because its fine particles can be inhaled and enter the respiratory system. Smaller particles can penetrate deeper into the lungs, increasing their potential impact on health. 

How to Reduce PM Levels? 

The most effective way to reduce exposure to airborne particles is to control and minimise their sources: 

• Use a kitchen hood that vents outdoors while cooking  

• Use a high-efficiency air purifier (preferably with a HEPA filter), sized appropriately for the room  

• Avoid smoking indoors  

• Limit the use of candles and similar sources of indoor particles  

• Ensure proper ventilation during activities such as cooking, showering, and cleaning  

• Regularly replace filters in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems, as well as in air purifiers  

To better understand when action is needed, it is helpful to monitor particulate matter levels indoors. Using an indoor air quality sensor allows you to detect increases in PM and respond in time by ventilating or using filtration.