Indoor air quality (IAQ) has a direct impact on human health, comfort, and overall well-being. Since people spend a significant portion of their time indoors, prolonged exposure to indoor pollutants can have both short-term and long-term health effects. 

Short-term exposure to poor indoor air quality may cause symptoms such as headaches, fatigue, dizziness, irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat, and difficulty concentrating. These effects are often linked to elevated levels of pollutants such as particulate matter, carbon dioxide (CO₂), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), or improper temperature and humidity conditions. 

Long-term exposure can lead to more serious health issues, including respiratory diseases, cardiovascular conditions, and worsened symptoms of asthma and allergies. Certain indoor pollutants, such as fine particulate matter or chemical compounds, may also increase the risk of chronic illness over time. 

Indoor air quality can also influence cognitive performance and productivity. Studies have shown that elevated CO₂ levels and poor ventilation can reduce concentration, decision-making ability, and overall work performance. 

In addition, indoor environments with high humidity can promote the growth of mould and dust mites, while very low humidity can irritate the respiratory system and skin. Maintaining balanced indoor conditions is therefore essential not only for comfort, but also for protecting long-term health. 

Monitoring indoor air quality helps identify potential risks early and supports informed decisions about ventilation, filtration, and overall indoor environment management.